import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Random;

public class lab6
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
  {
    
    /* Problem 1
     * a - False: the writer line creates a new file called numbers.txt and replaces the old, so there are no
     *            lines in the file named numbers.txt. Therefore this will throw a runtime error.
     * b - True.  This was mentioned in class and in the slides
     * c - False: Believe it or not, java is smart enough not to go into an infinite loop on this input. 
     *            This is because the code given declares the FileWriter first and then scanner based on
     *            that FileWriter. The point at which you're writing into the file is after the scanner 
     *            declaration, so it doesn't affect the Scanner, just the File.
     * d - True.  We did it in class
     * e - True.  You can test this on your own, with a simple block of code such as: 
     * 
     *            PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter("numbers.txt");
     *            writer.println("test");
     * 
     *            Try it with and without the writer.close() command and you'll see it's necessary.
     * f - False: it will create a file called test but not test.txt. It will not be able to write to this.
     */

    Random rand = new Random();
   
/*    
    // 2a: the first two lines here were supposed to be assumed as a user input
    double A = 7;
    double B = 12;
    
    double x;
    x = rand.nextDouble(); // Now x is between 0 and 1
    x = x*(B-A); // Now x is between 0 and 5. This is the length of the interval [A,B]
    x = x+A; // Now x is in the interval [A,B]

*/
    
/*
    //2b
    PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter("numbers.txt");
    int n = rand.nextInt(99); // This returns an integer in [0,99]
    n++; // Now it's in [1,100] as requested by the problem.
    for (int i=1; i<n; i++){
      int k = rand.nextInt();
      writer.println(k);
    }
    writer.close();
*/  
  
/*    
    //2c
    File filenumbers = new File("numbers.txt");
    Scanner input = new Scanner(filenumbers);
    int numOfLines=0;
    int sum=0;
    while(input.hasNext()){
      numOfLines++;
      sum = sum + input.nextInt();
    }
    
    System.out.println("The average is " + (double)sum/numOfLines);
*/    

/*
    //2d
    Scanner in2d = new Scanner(System.in);
    String filename = in2d.nextLine();
    File toAppend = new File(filename);
    
    if(!toAppend.exists()){
      System.out.println("File not found, check that it's in the same place as class file");
      System.exit(0);
    }
    else{
      FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(filename, true);
      PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(fw);
      pw.println("test");
      pw.close();
    }
    in2d.close();
*/
    
/*    
    //2e
    Scanner in2e = new Scanner(System.in);
    String filename = in2e.nextLine();
    File toPrint = new File(filename);
    
    if(!toPrint.exists()){
      System.out.println("File not found, check that it's in the same place as class file");
      System.exit(0);
    }
    else{
      Scanner printer = new Scanner(toPrint);
      int counter=0;
    
      while(printer.hasNext()){
        counter++;
        String in = printer.nextLine();
        System.out.println(counter + ": " + in);
      }
    }
    in2e.close();
*/

/*    
    // 2f
    PrintWriter poker = new PrintWriter("poker.txt");
    
    for(int i=0;i<5; i++){
      int A = rand.nextInt(3);
      int B = rand.nextInt(12);
      String suit="";
      String value="";
    
      if(B==11)
        value="Jack";
      else if(B==12)
        value="Queen";
      else if(B==0)
        value="King";
      else if(B==1)
        value="Ace";
      else
        value=Integer.toString(B);
        
      if(A==0)
        suit="Clubs";
      if(A==1)
        suit="Diamonds";
      if(A==2)
        suit="Hearts";
      if(A==3)
        suit="Spades";
    
      poker.println(value + " of " + suit);
    }
    
    poker.close();
*/
    
    //3
    File wiki = new File("Wikipedia.txt");
    Scanner in3 = new Scanner(wiki);
    
    // Counters:
    int the = 0;
    int words = 0;
    double percent=0;
    
    // Read through all the lines one by one
    while(in3.hasNext()){
      String line = in3.nextLine();
      
      // For each line, read through it and find all instances of the word "the"
      // The condition has to be i+3<line.length(); or else it will break when we try to call substring
      for(int i=0; i+3<line.length(); i++){
        // The way substring works is that you tell it where to start and end. So this command grabs
        // the substring starting at character i and ending at character i+3 (inclusive)
        String t = line.substring(i,i+4);
        if(t.equals("the ") || t.equals("The "))
          the++;
      }

      // As mentioned in the hint, in this document all instances of the come followed by a space. If
      // you wanted to make this code more portable you could also include cases where the is followed 
      // by a comma, a period, a semicolon, or the end of the line. These first three cases are very
      // uncommon. For the end-of-line one, the following code works:
/*
      if(line.length()>3 && line.substring(line.length()-3, line.length()).equals("the"))
        the++;
*/

      // This loop counts words, using the fact that words are always separated by spaces.
      // It also assumes the document doesn't have too many spaces, e.g. doesn't double-space after periods
      // Of course, if it did you could add an extra test to the if-statement to not double-count this
      for(int i=0; i<line.length(); i++){
        if(line.charAt(i)==' ')
          words++;
      }
      
    }
    
    percent = (double)the/words * 100;
    PrintWriter answers = new PrintWriter("answers.txt");
    answers.println("The number of times ``the'' appears is " + the);
    answers.println("The number of total words is " + words);
    answers.println("The percentage is " + percent);
    answers.close();
    in3.close();
  }
}